The Beneficial Effect of Combination Therapy for Heart Failure across Ejection Fraction Spectrum

Heart failure (HF) is a global health problem, affecting over 26 million people worldwide. In Malaysia, HF is a common cause of hospitalization, accounting for approximately 6–10% of all acute medical admissions. It is also a prevalent reason for hospital readmissions. Between the years 2007 and 2016 in Malaysia, 18% of patients were readmitted within 30 days after discharge following an index hospitalisation for HF. Notably, the in-hospital, 30-day and 1-year mortality rates were 5.3%, 11.2% and 33.1%, respectively.