Interstitial cystitis ups risk of pre-eclampsia, preterm birth

A diagnosis of interstitial cystitis during pregnancy appears to increase the risk of pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, and other adverse pregnancy outcomes, suggests a study.

A team of investigators conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. They also used the ICD-9 code number 595.1 to extract cases of chronic interstitial cystitis. These pregnancies were then compared to those without such condition; Chi-square test was used to assess nominal variables.

Subsequently, a multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to adjust for statistically significant confounders (p<0.05).

A total of 9,095,955 deliveries were identified during the study period. Some 793 pregnant women had a diagnosis of chronic interstitial cystitis.

After controlling for confounders, interstitial cystitis was found to be associated with a higher risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.57, 95 percent confidence interval [CI], 1.21–2.05), pre-eclampsia (AOR, 2.06, 95 percent CI, 1.47–2.87), preterm delivery (AOR, 1.63, 95 percent CI, 1.23–2.17), and preterm premature rupture of membranes (AOR, 2.18, 95 percent CI, 1.25–3.79).

Additionally, women with interstitial cystitis were also at greater risk of chorioamnionitis (AOR, 2.05, 95 percent CI, 1.24–3.37), delivery via caesarean section (AOR, 1.57, 95 percent CI, 1.32–1.88), maternal infection (AOR, 2.19, 95 percent CI, 1.40–3.43), and deep venous thromboembolism (AOR, 10.56, 95 percent CI, 3.37–33.09).

“Prospective studies are required to confirm the findings of the correlation between interstitial cystitis and adverse pregnancy outcomes,” the investigators said.