Mouth Ulcers (Patient Counselling Guide)

Mouth Ulcers or aphthous ulcers are painful oral sores or open lesions inside the mouth and are classified as minor, major, or herpetiform aphthous ulcers. Minor aphthous ulcers are the most common and are self-limiting. Aphthous ulcers are not contagious. The cause is not known, but in some cases, these are related to other factors or diseases including injury inside the mouth or tongue caused by accidental bites of the cheek or tongue, badly fitting dentures or a graze from a harsh toothbrush, changes in hormone levels, burns from hot food, deficiency in certain vitamins (ie, vitamin B12 and folic acid), food allergy, smoking cessation, genetic factors, stress, anxiety, or use of some medications eg, aspirin, oral nicotine replacement therapy, cocaine, or alendronate. Mouth ulcers are also more common in people with certain conditions eg, Crohn’s disease, HIV infection, or Behcet’s disease.

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