Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia predicts HFpEF hospitalization

Pre-eclampsia/eclampsia is associated with a higher risk of hospitalization due to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), reveals a recent study.

A team of investigators conducted this retrospective cohort study using the New York and Florida state Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases. They identified delivery hospitalizations between 2006 and 2014 for women with and without pre-eclampsia/eclampsia.

A total of 2,532,515 women admitted for HF after discharge from index delivery hospitalization until 30 September 2015 were identified using the International Classification of Diseases-9th Revision-Clinical Modification diagnosis codes.

The investigators followed these patients from discharge to first instance of the primary outcomes (HFpEF hospitalization), death, or end of study period. Secondary outcomes were hospitalization for any HF and HF with reduced ejection fraction, separately. Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyse the association between pre-eclampsia/eclampsia and HFpEF.

Of the included women, 128,029 had and 2,404,486 had no pre-eclampsia/eclampsia. After adjusting for baseline hypertension and other covariates, HFpEF hospitalization was found to be more frequent among women with pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (adjusted hazards ratio, 2.09, 95 percent confidence interval, 1.80–2.44).

The median time to onset of HFpEF was 32.2 months (interquartile range [IQR], 0.3–65.0); the median age at HFpEF onset was 34.0 years (IQR, 29.0–39.0).

Moreover, both traditional (ie, hypertension, diabetes mellitus) and sociodemographic risk factors (ie, Black race, rurality, low income) correlated with HFpEF and secondary outcomes.